Shovel or spade plow



l. COHEN.

SHOVEL 0R SPADE PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.12, 1911. 1,328,913. Patented @11.211920 3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

FW 42/ J 4 54 J2 W/ZQL v 9 542A 1711/4931607@ www. /T/ dam. 44W

l. COHEN.

SHOVEL 0R SPADE PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED Dsc. I2. 1911.

1 ,328 ,9 1 3 Patented Jan. 27, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

`L||llllll|llllllll Illllllllllllllllllll l. COHEN.

SHOVEL 0R SPADE PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED 050.12, 1917.

1,328,91 8. Patented Jan. 27, 1920.

llIII UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

ISAAC COHEN, 0F 4SCHENE'IlAI.')Y, NEW YORK.

sHovEL on sPAnE PLoW.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISAAC COHEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady and State of New York, have invented a new Shovel or Spade Plow, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in apparatus .for plowing the ground, and the primary object is to provide mechanism in which an endless series of shovels is employed that. successively enter, dig up and turnover the ground as the apparatus l is moved thereover, whereby a digging or spading operation is effected at relatively great speed.

A further object is to provide means that will dig deeply, the depth of thedigging operation being variable to suit the conditions encountered. v

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of one embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same,

Fig. 3 is a horizontal detail sectional View on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional View on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5--5 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 isa detail sectional view through the main supporting drum.

Fig. 7 is a Isectional view corresponding to Fig. 5, but showing a slightly modified form of construction.

Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7,

Fig. 9 is a. sectional view on the line 9-9 of Fig. 7,

Fig. l0 is a side elevation of another embodiment of the invention, v

Fig. 11 is a sectional view on the line 11-11 of Fig. 1o.

Fig. 12 is a detail View in elevation of a modified form of shovel support,

Fig. 13 is a view in elevation of another embodiment of al digging or shovel member,

Fig. 14 is an edge view of another embodiment of the shovel`or digging member, and Fig. 15 is'a front. elevation of the same. Similar reference numerals designate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In the embodiment disclosed an arched axle 16 is employed, having terminal spindles 17 on which are-journaled supporting Specification of Letters Patent,

' and traction wheels 1 8. The upright standard ortions 19 of the axle have their lower portlonsprovided with vertical grooves 20 in which is slidably mounted a fixed shaft 21 that bridges the space between said stand. ard portions. This shaft is yieldingly u1; ed

Patented J an`. 27, 1920.v y 'Application led December 12, 1917. Serial No. 206,811. I

to the lower end of the groovesb7 co1 ed springs 22. The shaft can be raised and lowered by means of a hand lever 23 fixed to a rock shaft 24 that is journaled on the upper ends of the standards 19, and this rock shaft is provided with crank arms 25 connected by links 26 to the shaft 21.

Journale on the central portion of the shaft 21 is a drum'27, having a peripheral wall 28 provided with slots 29 shown more particularlyin Fig-6. .A plurality of radial arms 30 pivoted at 31 to the drumA within the same pass through the slots 29. These arms are normally held against relative swinging movement by means of interposed coiled springs 32 bearing against shoes 33 that are mounted within the drum, said shoes in turn bearing against the oppo site sides of the arms 30.

These armsb 30 may each carry one or more digging or shovel elements, and in the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1-6, each has mounted thereon two shovel elements 34. To this end the outer portions of the arms are provided with brackets 35 in which the said shovel arms are pivoted, as shown at 36, and the pivots have outstanding crank arms 37. The crank arms 37 are connected by links 38 with crank arms 39 fixed to pinions 40 that are journaled on thel sides of the drum 27. These pinions are normally held against rotation by latches 41 engaged therewith, and the pinions during the rotation of the drum, are arranged to mesh with fixed gear segments 42 mounted upon the fixed shaft 21. The segments 42 also carry cam tracks 43 that are engaged by the inner ends of the latches 41.

For the purpose of rotating the drum 27, said drum, as shown in Fig. 3 carries a ear wheel 44 with which meshes a gear w eel 45 that is fixed to a shaft 46, and this shaft has a pinion 47 in mesh with a gear wheel 48 on one of the wheels V18. Consequently when the machine is drawn over the ground, it will be evident that the rotation of the wheel 18 will transmit motion to the shaft 46, and this, in turn, will rotate the drum 27, carrying the shovel members with it. As the shovels pass the upper gear segment 42, illustrated in 5, the latches 41 will disengaged from the .mediately the positioning pinion will mesh engage the cam track 43, and thereby be inions 40,l and 1mwith the gearsegment and cause the shovel tobe moved to its digging position, as illustrated at the left of iig. 5.. Then, as the -drum continues to rotate, the shovels will successively be caused toenter the ground,

and when at the greatest depth the gears will'engage the lower gear segment, causing the shovel to be swung upwardl elevating the dirt and turninof it over. may be propelled by any suitable means. Thus, in Figs. l and 2 there is illustrated a yoke 49 pivoted to the arched axle, and having a ton ue'50 projecting therefrom, with suitable wghifiie trees 51 on opposite sldes of lthetongue, to which the draft animals may be hitched.

lThe embodiment disclosed in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 shows a structure in which'the means for individually actuating the shovels4 or digging members is slight y different. The drum is designated 2 a, and the digging elements 34, the same being connected by links 38" with crank arms 39 carried by pinions 40a. The gear segments 42a are shown substantially at right angles to each other, the lower one being an external gear and the upper an. internal gear. It will be obvious that the action is substantially the same, except that the upper. gear segment 42", which positions the shovels or digging elements moves the same in a direction opposite to the corresponding gear segment 42 of the structure disclosed in Figs. 1-6 inclusive.

In the mechanism illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11, the shovel actuating means is shown in the form of cams 52, having internal trackways in which operate rollers 53. These rollers are carried by links 54 pivoted as shown at 55 to the digging elements 56, the inner ends of the links 54l having sliding bearings 57 on the drum 58. VThe results obtained are substantially the same as those described above. That is to say, as the machine is drawn over the ground, the shovels will be properly positioned to dig into the ground, andafter they have entered the same, will be caused to turn and throw the arth upwardly and over, as indicated in nstead of a pair of shovels for each of the outstanding arms 30, a single set of shovels may 'be employed, and as illustrated in Fig. 12 each arm 30b may have a single shovel element 34b journaled in its outer end and provided with a crank 87" connected by a link 38b with the operating mechanism above set forth.

The shovels themselves may be made in difierent'ways. Thus in Fig. 13 a digging element 34 is shown having teeth 35c corresponding toy Aa spading fork. The shovels may also be made extensible, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15. Thus spaced guidearms 34d may be employed which are slotted, as shown at 34 and a shovel blade'34t `is 'provided with projections 34g slidably mounted on the slots and adapted to beheld in any desired position by set screws 34h.,

From the foregoing, it is thought that the i constructiomoperation and many advantages of the herein described invention-will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without tion, what' I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with a support, of a .rotatable drum mounted thereon, means for rotating the drum, a plurality ofshovel suphe machine\further descriptionjand it will be underports yieldingly *mounted on the drum,

shovels carried by the supports, and means for automatically moving the shovels on the supports when the shovels are engaged in the earth.

2. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a supporting frame, of a rotatable drum mounted thereon, radial arms pivoted on the drum, springs acting on the arms tooppose their lateral swlnging movement, in both directions, digging elements mounted on the arms, and means for moving the digging elements on the arms when engaged in the earth.

3. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with an arched axle, of wheels supporting the same, a shaft mounted in the arch of the axle, a drum carried by the shaft, means for rotating the drum from one of the wheels, arms pivoted on the drum, springs interposed between the arms, digging elements pivoted on the arms, and means for turning the digging elements during the rotation of the drum.

4. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with a rotata-ble carrier drum, of outstanding arms mounted thereon, digging elements pivoted on the arms, means for presenting the digging elements in position to enter the earth upon the rotation of the drum, and means for causing the digging elements to rotate on their own axis when engaged in the earth.

5.1n apparatus of the character derotation of the drum for operating the gears and thereby operating the digging elements.

6. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with a rotatable drum, of substantially radial arms carried thereby, digging elements pivotally mounted on the arms, gears j ournaled on the drum,

link connections between the gears and digging elements, and fixed gear segments engaged by the gears during the rotation of the drum for effecting the operation of the gears and the pivotal movement of the digging elements.

7. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a frame, of wheels carrying the same, a rotatable drum mounted on the frame, means orrotating the drum from one of the wheels, radial arms pivoted on the drum, springs for yieldingly resisting the swinging movement of the arms, digging elements pivoted on the arms, gears.]ourna1ed on the drumand having link connections with the digging elements, and fixed gear segments engaged by the gears uponthe rotation of the drum. This s ecication was drawn Dember 10th, 191B?, and the name of the. machine specified .in said specifications, to be known as the shovel plow. `ISAAC COHEN. 

